A protagonist is the main character of a story, or the lead. [46], At high pressures, oxygen gas (O2) can be dangerous to animals, including humans. The other (nitrogen) he called "azote", which means "lifeless" in Greek. Industries use two main methods to make oxygen. From this, he worked out that oxygen is used for both respiration and combustion. None of them thought it was a chemical element. the complex process by which carbon dioxide, water, and certain inorganic salts are converted into carbohydrates by green plants, algae, and certain bacteria, using energy from the sun and chlorophyll. Oxygen levels will be decreased to accommodate fewer people. to 49.2%[33] of the Earth's crust as part of oxide compounds like silicon dioxide and other compounds like carbonates. Oxygen/Ozone Therapy Definition Oxygen/ozone therapy is a term that describes a number of different practices in which oxygen, ozone, or hydrogen peroxide are administered via gas or water to kill disease microorganisms, improve cellular function, and promote the healing of damaged tissues. [5] The same thing happened when a live mouse was put into the box. [24][25] It only exists in extreme conditions when a lot of pressure is put onto O2. oxygen debt synonyms, oxygen debt pronunciation, oxygen debt translation, English dictionary definition of oxygen debt. [36], Low-pressure O2 is used in space suits, surrounding the body with the gas. Oxygen … It can cause convulsions and other health problems. Priestley visited him in 1774 and told him about his experiment. [48], Concentrated amounts of pure O2 can cause a quick fire. Some say that oxygen was discovered by Swedish pharmacist Carl Wilhelm Scheele. Oxygen cycle definition is - the cycle whereby atmospheric oxygen is converted to carbon dioxide in animal respiration and regenerated by green plants in photosynthesis. He called it this because he thought oxygen was in all acids, which is wrong. … Oxygen combines with most elements, is required for combustion, and is essential for life in most organisms. The respiratory system, also called the gas exchange system, is the body getting rid of carbon dioxide and taking in oxygen.Carbon dioxide, a waste product, goes out of the body. [8] The phlogiston theory stated that all combustible materials were made of two parts. Oxygen is one of the atoms that makes up water (H 2 O). oxygen definition: 1. a chemical element that is a gas with no smell or colour. Normal arterial blood oxygen saturation levels in humans are 95–100 percent. )[12], Lavoisier renamed "vital air" to "oxygène", from Greek words meaning "sour making" or "producer of acid". Oxygen gas is the second most common part of the atmosphere, making up 20.95%[34] of its volume and 23.1% of its volume. Things that corrode, like iron, were thought to contain very little. This was what most people believed caused combustion and corrosion. [12] He used these and other experiments to prove the phlogiston theory wrong. Ozone (O3) is very reactive and damages the lungs when breathed in. This gas is often just called oxygen. It has no taste or smell. "Michael Sendivogius, Rosicrucian, and Father Of Studies of Oxygen", "Michał Sędziwój - Traktat o Kamieniu Filozoficznym", 10.1002/1521-3773(20011105)40:21<4062::AID-ANIE4062>3.0.CO;2-X, "Liquid Oxygen Material Safety Data Sheet", "NFPA 704 ratings and id numbers for common hazardous materials", https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oxygen&oldid=7209108, Element infobox templates that need attention, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. If the level is below 90 percent, it is considered low and called hypoxemia. The Most Surprisingly Serendipitous Words Of The Day, The Dictionary.com Word Of The Year For 2020 Is …. It reacts very readily with oxygen by burning smokelessly, with carbon dioxide and water as its byproducts. He also tried to prove that the substance discovered by Priestley and Scheele was a chemical element. [4] He found that a candle burning in a closed container made the water rise to replace a fourteenth of the air's volume before it went out. But the truth is trees only supply about 6% of the oxygen... the vast majority comes from algae in the ocean. A nonmetallic element that exists in its free form as a colorless, odorless gas and makes up about 21 percent of the Earth's atmosphere. It is a very reactive nonmetal. It is pale blue when it is liquid or solid. About 99.7% of oxygen is the 16O isotope. Oxygen is found all around us. It is the supporter of combustion in air and was the standard of atomic, combining, and molecular … Oxygen is usually found as a molecule made up of two atoms. The New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition He got oxygen in 1771 by heating mercuric oxide and some nitrates. “Pagan” vs. “Wicca”: What Is The Difference? He wrote in his work Pneumatica that turning a vessel upside down over a burning candle and putting water around this vessel meant that some water went into the vessel. He was the first person to explain how combustion works. No single ignition source of the fire was conclusively identified, although some evidence points to an arc from an electrical spark. Atomic number 8; atomic weight 15.9994; melting point -218.8°C; boiling point -182.9°C; gas density at 0°C 1.429 grams per liter; valence 2. Master these essential literary terms and you’ll be talking like your English teacher in no time. Oxygen is the most common chemical element found on or in Earth. [40] Compounds of oxygen with other oxygen states are very uncommon. By 1811, Amedeo Avogadro correctly worked out what water was made of based on Avogadro's law. John Dalton's theory of atoms said that all elements had one atom and atoms in compounds were usually alone. [19], At standard temperature and pressure, oxygen has no colour, odour or taste. Apart from iron, oxygen is the most common element on Earth (by mass). Algae, cyanobacteria and plants make the Earth's oxygen gas by photosynthesis, using the Sun's light to get hydrogen from water, giving off oxygen. It is the most abundant element in the Earth's crust and occurs in many compounds, including water, carbon dioxide, and iron ore. Oxygen does not, itself, explode or burn, but it does enhance the flammable properties of other materials such as grease, oils and cigarettes (Ashurst, 1995) - that is, it supports combustion. When concentrated oxygen and fuels are brought close together, a slight ignition can cause a huge fire. [6], Breathing pure O2 in space suits causes no damage because there is a lower pressure used. The temperature can go as high as 1,700 °C because it is an exothermic reaction. They are 16O, 17O, and 18O. Some people believe this was the discovery of oxygen while others disagree. Describe 2020 In Just One Word? Learn about what oxygen is, how it is produced and different oxygen compounds that you use in your daily life. If the temperature is raised still higher, or the pressure is reduced, oxygen is given off and the oxide is once more formed. One of the first known experiments on how combustion needs air was carried out by Greek Philo of Byzantium in the 2nd century BC. [29], Oxygen is the third most common element in the universe, after hydrogen and helium. A long time after, Leonardo da Vinci worked out that some air was used up during combustion, and this forced water into the vessel.[3]. We initiate digital advocacy campaigns and partner with people closest to environmental problems so that we can promote lasting sustainable behavior. Each molecule is made up of two oxygen atoms that are strongly joined together. Robert Hooke, Ole Borch, Mikhail Lomonosov and Pierre Bayen all made oxygen in experiments in the 17th and 18th centuries. Oxygen gas is used for making steel, plastics and textiles. The Free Dictionary. It is a gas with the chemical formula O2 called dioxygen.[20]. [6], Oxygen's NFPA 704 says that compressed oxygen gas is not dangerous to health and is not flammable. He was the first person to say it was a chemical element. Oxygen is very reactive and must be kept away from anything that can burn. oxygen, O, atomic number 8 (noun) a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust Hypoxemia is determined by measuring the oxygen level in a blood sample taken from an artery (arterial blood gas). Fish take in oxygen through their gills. The brain, also an organ, is particularly sensitive to the loss of oxygen. oxygen saturation sO 2 The O 2 concentration of blood expressed as a ratio of its total O 2-carrying capacity; the OS is a measure of the utilization of O 2 transport capacity; sO 2 is ↑ at high altitude, hypocapnia, hypothermia, ↑ cardiac output, O 2 therapy, PEEP–positive end-expiratory pressure ventilation, and respiratory alkalosis. Learn more. Oxygen is also found in nearly all biomolecules that are made by living things. After this, he found that the weight of the tin had increased by the same amount as the weight of the air that rushed in. This includes people with asthma, heart disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It has the symbol O and atomic number 8. Night drew on, and the lamp in the sitting-room already began to burn dim for want of oxygen. Oxygen forms a large part of the air…. Oxygen Short, Inc. is a 501(c)(3) organization founded to address some of the most serious threats to our oxygen-producing ecosystems. He was also right about how it helps combustion work. Copyright © 2005 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. It is also easier for O2 to dissolve in freshwater than in seawater. Respiration then takes oxygen gas out of the atmosphere and turns it into carbon dioxide and water. Number 8 2005 by Houghton Mifflin Company the amount of oxygen while others.... Helium, oxygen has a higher electronegativity than hydrogen would not be wanted oxygen short definition... 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